Philosophical Perspective of the Community Counseling Services to Facilitate Adolescents’ Development in Indonesia: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Guidance and counseling have ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations that are the basis for the implementation of services both in schools and outside schools. As one of the services in guidance and counseling, community counse1ling services cannot be separated from the underlying philosophical perspective, especially tp facilitate adolescents' development. This research aims to analyze the philosophical perspective of community counselling implementation to facilitate the development of adolescents in Indonesia. The research method used is a systematic literature review. The data collection technique was carried out by searching for articles on Google scholar using the keywords "community counselling" and "adolescent" in English and Indonesian. The data analysis techniques used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) model and resulted in 12 of 200 research articles that could be analyzed. The analysis results show that implementation community counselling to facilitate adolescent development has not been widely implemented in Indonesia. There is a distinctive philosophical basis in all the articles analyzed. From an ontological perspective, community counseling tends to target marginalized groups such as former drug addicts, children with special needs, and the elderly. Meanwhile, an epistemological perspective shows that knowledge and truth in community counseling are still being formed through various subjective observations and experiences. The idea of integrating religion and culture in several articles shows that community counseling services have an axiological basis with a strong multicultural spirit. Further research is expected to be able to explore more deeply regarding each philosophical basis in community counseling services.
References
Anwar, M. K., & Ningsih, R. (2019). Faith-Base Communities (FBCs) in Ecological Counseling (EC) to Promote Well-Being (WB) in Millenial Era. Counsellia: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 9(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.25273/counsellia.v9i1.3209
Ara, E. (2015). Behavioural Problems in Adolescents: An Analysis of the Family Factors. Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(12), 90. https://doi.org/10.5958/2249-7315.2015.00264.6
Astuti, B. (2020). Community counselling: an opportunity and challenge (Indonesian and American perspective). ProGCouns: Journal of Professionals in Guidance and Counseling, 1(2), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.21831/progcouns.v1i2.35609
Azizah, N. (2019). Layanan Konseling Berbasis Komunitas Bagi Klien di Balai Rehabilitasi Sosial. KOMUNIKA: Jurnal Dakwah Dan Komunikasi, 13(1), 121–135. https://doi.org/10.24090/komunika.v13i1.1998
Bemak, F., & Hanna, F. J. (1998). The twenty-first-century counsellor: An emerging role in changing times. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 20(3), 209–218. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005394927213
Calvete, E., Cortazar, N., Echezarraga, A., Beranuy, M., & Orue, I. (2021). Effects of a Brief Preventive Intervention in Cyberbullying and Grooming in Adolescents. Psychosocial Intervention, 30, 75–84.
Cronin, P., Ryan, F., & Coughlan, M. (2008). Undertaking a literature review: a step-by-step approach. British Journal of Nursing (Mark Allen Publishing), 17(1), 38–43. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2008.17.1.28059
García-poole, C., Byrne, S., & Rodrigo, M. (2019). Psychosocial Intervention Implementation Factors that Predict Positive Outcomes in a Community-based Intervention Program for at-Risk Adolescents. 28(2), 57–65.
García, O. F., Serra, E., Zacarés, J. J., & García, F. (2018). Psychosocial Intervention among Spanish Adolescents and Older Adults. Psychosocial Intervention, 27(1), 153–161.
Gullotta, T. P., Plant, R. W., & Evans, M. A. (2015). Handbook of adolescent behavioural problems: Evidence-based approaches to prevention and treatment. Handbook of Adolescent Behavioral Problems: Evidence-Based Approaches to Prevention and Treatment, September 1–697. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7497-6
Gunawan, N. E., & Wahab, R. (2015). Counselling in Indonesia : History , Identity , Trends and Challenges. Third 21st Century Academic Forum Conference, 6(1), 238–245.
Haryadi, R., Handayani, E. S., & Hayati, S. A. (2020). Psychological well-being of ex-drug addicted counselee in post-rehabilitation education. Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan Dan Konseling: Jurnal Kajian Psikologi Pendidikan Dan Bimbingan Konseling, 6(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.26858/jppk.v6i1.12422
Haryadi, R., Handayani, E. S., & Ridhani, A. R. (2019). Respectful-Based Assessment : Sebuah Model. Ghaidan Jurnal Bimbingan Konselingislam& Kemasyarakatan, 2018, 1–25.
Howard, A. (2000). Philosophy for counselling and psychotherapy: Pythagoras to postmodernism. Palgrave Macmillan.
Hidayat, D. R., Fitri, S., & Al-falathi, S. A. (2018). Career Guidance and Counseling Program for Informal Education in Indonesia. 133, 49–51. https://doi.org/10.2991/acpch-17.2018.42
Kakkad, A., Trivedi, M., Trivedi, G., & Raichandani, A. (2014). Study for Adolescent Problem and Psychology. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 3(37), 9564–9574. https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2014/3237
Khusumadewi, Ari; Ramli, M; Radjah, C. L. (2021). Modifikasi Relaksasi dengan Budaya Lokal untuk Menurunkan Kecemasan Atlet Pencak Silat Menghadapi Kejuaraan. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa, 4(2), 1689–1699.
Leme, V. B. R., Del Prette, Z. A. P., & Coimbra, S. (2015). Social skills, social support and well-being in adolescents of different family configurations. Paideia, 25(60), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272560201503
Lestari, I., Marwiyah, M., Santoso, S,. Gudnanto, G,. Kiswantoro, A., et. al. (2025). The impact of local cultural understanding on counseling quality: a mediation analysis of client engagement as a mediating variable. COUNSENESIA: Indonesia Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.36728/cijgc.v6i1.4751
Maya-jariego, I., & Holgado, D. (2021). Psychosocial Intervention Influencers and Connectors in Community Prevention of Drug Abuse : Balance between Multi-site Consistency and Local Community Fit in Program Implementation. 30, 13–26.
Naqiyah, N. (2015). Pelatihan Konseling Komunitas bagi Konselor Sekolah Menengah. Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling, Asosiaasi Bimbingan Dan Konseling Indonesia Pengurus Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur, 1(I).
O’Gorman. K., Macintosh, R. (2012). Research Methods for Business Research Methods for Business. Research Methods for Business, 1, 106–135. https://doi.org/10.23912/978-1-910158-51-7-2790
Ohmer, M. L., & Korr, W. S. (2006). The effectiveness of community practice interventions: A review of the literature. Research on Social Work Practice, 16(2), 132–145. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731505282204
Pama, S. A., Purnama, D. S., Nurjanah, A. S., Adilah, N. A., Zatrahadi, M. F., & Roza, E. (2023). Community counseling strategies to improve mental health literacy. 11(1), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.29210/176400
Refanthira, N., & Hasanah, U. (2020). Adolescent Problem in Psychology: A Review of Adolescent Mental Health Studies. 395(Acpch 2019), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200120.004
Sare, Y. D., Hidayah, N., & Rahman, D. H. (2020). Historical Guidance and Counseling Perspective in Indonesia. 501(Icet), 389–392. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201204.075
Sartika, D., Marhani, M., Nurhayati, A. (2024). The Relationship Between Religiosity And Celebrity Worship Behavior Among Teens. COUNSENESIA: Indonesia Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.36728/cijgc.v5i2.4243
Siswanto, S. (2012). Systematic Review Sebagai Metode Penelitian Untuk Mensintesis Hasil-Hasil Penelitian (Sebuah Pengantar). Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.22435/bpsk.v13i4
Spies Shapiro, L. A., & Margolin, G. (2014). [Theories of Adolescent Social Media Use]. Clinical Child and Family
Psychology Review, 17(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-013-0135-1.
Sukandar, W., Abdul Aziz, A.R., Sawai, R.P. (2024). Integrated Counseling Study of Islamic Values and Minangkabau Culture: A Literature Review. Islam Transformatif : Journal of Islamic Studies, 8 (2).
Suryahadikusumah, A., & Yustiana, Y. (2016). Bimbingan dan Konseling Komunitas Untuk Mendukung Positive Youth Development (Penelitian Tindakan Partisipatoris Bersama Komunitas Schoolzone). Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 16(2), 137–146. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpp.v16i2.4235
Taghizadeh Moghaddam, H., Bahreini, A., Ajilian Abbasi, M., Fazli, F., & Saeidi, M. (2016). Adolescence health: The needs, problems and attention. International Journal of Pediatrics, 4(2), 1423–1438. https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2016.6569
Taharani, A.F. (2020). Pendidikan dan Budaya: Pembentukan Konsep Diri Peserta Didik Minoritas melalui Konseling Lintas Budaya. Counsenesia: Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 1 (1).
Trejos-herrera, A. M., Bahamón, M. J., Alarcón-vásquez, Y., Vélez, J. I., & Vinaccia, S. (2018). Psychosocial Intervention Validity and Reliability of the Multidimensional Scale. Psychosocial Intervention, 27(1), 56–63.
Umzah, U., Masitoh, S., & Nursalim, M. (2024). Hubungan Epistemologi dan Ontologi terhadap Landasan Teori Bimbingan dan Konseling. JIIP (Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan), Vol. 7, No.3.
Wardhani, F. P. (2018). Student gadget addiction behavior in the perspective of respectful framework. Konselor, 7(3), 116–123. https://doi.org/10.24036/0201872100184-0-00
Wijaya, A.K.P., Arifin, A.C., imannudin, W., Rahman, W.Y., Muslikah, M., & Mahfud, A. (2024). Peran Konseling
Komunitas dalam Meningkatkan Self-Esteem Penyandang Disabilitas. Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, Vol.2, No.5.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rizqi Lestari, Edi Purwanta, Rukiyati Rukiyati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
